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Plasma

Anatomy of Plasma and Its Role in the Human Body

Plasma is the liquid component of blood that serves as the medium for transporting cells, nutrients, hormones, and waste products throughout the body. It is a vital part of the circulatory system, making up about 55% of total blood volume. Plasma is a pale yellow, slightly sticky fluid that plays essential roles in maintaining homeostasis and supporting the body's overall function.

Anatomy of Plasma

Plasma is composed of approximately 90-92% water, with the remaining 8-10% consisting of dissolved substances such as proteins, electrolytes, gases, nutrients, hormones, and waste products. Its components can be broadly categorized as follows:

1. Water

  • Forms the majority of plasma.
  • Acts as a solvent for transporting substances.
  • Helps in regulating body temperature.

2. Plasma Proteins

Plasma contains several important proteins, each with specific functions:

  • Albumin (about 55–60% of plasma proteins): Maintains osmotic pressure and transports fatty acids and hormones.
  • Globulins (about 35%): Includes antibodies (immunoglobulins) that defend the body against infections.
  • Fibrinogen (about 4%): Essential for blood clotting to prevent excessive bleeding.
  • Regulatory proteins: Includes enzymes and hormones that regulate physiological processes.

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